A critical zero-day vulnerability in all versions of Exim mail transfer agent (MTA) software can let unauthenticated attackers gain remote code execution (RCE) on Internet-exposed servers.Found by an anonymous security researcher and disclosed through Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative (ZDI), the security bug (CVE-2023-42115) is due to an Out-of-bounds Write weakness found in the SMTP service.While this type of issue can lead to software crashes or corruption of data following successful exploitation, it can also be abused by attackers for code or command execution on vulnerable servers.